Gender Is A Social Construction - 1213 Words

S One cannot talk about social interactions in society without talking about gender. Gender is part of According to Macionis (2015), gender is â€Å"the personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being female or male†. Most societies only view gender as being either male or female. An individual must portray their gender correctly in order to be normal in society. Meaning a woman must act feminine and a man must act masculine. However, what happens when an individual chooses not to â€Å"do† gender? How does society respond to those who do not participate in â€Å"doing gender†? In order to answer these questions we will have to explore what it means to say that gender is a social construction and what is means to â€Å"do† gender. In the process we will define impression management and explain how Lucal (2012) engages in impression management with regards to doing gender and along with identifying which sociological theoretica l approach best explains why we do gender. First, when it comes to social interactions, it play a big role on what it means to do gender. â€Å"Social interaction is the process by which people act and react in relation to others† (Macionis 2015: 114). As humans we assign meaning to everything that we see, for example when we see nail polish and makeup we automatically categorize them as things that are associated with women. This is also what it means to say gender is a social construct because a social construct is â€Å"the process by which weShow MoreRelatedGender And Social Construction Of Gender1230 Words   |  5 Pages‘Gender’ is a category used by all human beings to describe the state of being either male or female. Gender is often described as socially constructed which implies that it is something individuals may not be aware of. Through the social construction of a concept, meanings are created. These meanings and understandings are developed in co ordination with other individuals rather than within individuals themselves. Because all societies are different, the social construction and therefore definitionsRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Gender1220 Words   |  5 PagesQuestion 3 In the reading â€Å"The social Construction of Gender† by Judith Lorber she describes how gender is socially constructed. Sex is the biological difference while gender is the social and cultural meanings attached to femininity and masculinity (lecture). From the time that a child is born the doctor assigns it a gender, girl or boy, depending on its genitalia. In the reading â€Å"Naming All the Parts† it focused on how when doctors view genitalia to decide the gender they say there is a penis orRead MoreSocial Construction of Gender1183 Words   |  5 Pagesexactly is â€Å"Gender† and what a â€Å"Social Construct† means. GENDER In a layman’s language, Gender is simply the distinction between male and female. However, if we look deeper in well, we will notice the gender construction starts with the association of sex category at the time of birth. Sex is the biological distinction between a man and a woman and gender is based on sex. A sex category becomes a gender status through naming, dress and the use of other gender marksRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Gender978 Words   |  4 PagesSociologist Peter Berger wrote in his â€Å"Invitation to Sociology† book that â€Å"social reality has layers of meaning, and the discovery of each new layer changes the perception of the whole.† (Berger 1963). Berger, as a sociologist responsible for helping create the social constructionism theory, is not just extending an invitation to sociology. He is already explaining how the world can be viewed by people who already are actively participating in society. This consciousness allows the layer of how peopleRead MoreGender Is A Social Construction?849 Words   |  4 Pages First, what is gender? What does it mean to say that gender is a social construction? Gender refers to the personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being female or male. (Macionis 2015:308) The society in which we live produces our views of what women and men are and what they are supposed to b e. However, many people say that gender is â€Å"socially constructed†. Basically meaning it is constructed by society. For many decades, it has been what gender should representRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Gender1000 Words   |  4 Pagesas the definition of gender and gender norms. Judith Lorber wrote an essay called, The Social Construction of Gender. The essay was included in the textbook, Women s Lives. A textbook written by Gwyn Kirk and Margo Okinawa Rey. â€Å"Women’s Lives† is a Feminist focused compilation of essays. As well as, cultural analysis of women globally. Lorber is one of many authors who wrote essays regarding gender for â€Å"Women’s Lives. Lorber argues gender constantly changes due to social interaction. A societyRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Gender Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesownership of their bodies. The first article is â€Å"The Social Construction of Gender† by Judith Lorber. In this essay she states that sex and gender is constructed through the society in which we live and that, â€Å"Gender is so pervasive that in our society we assume it is bred into our genes† (Lorber, 64). Lorber’s article takes the standpoint that physical gender expression is such an important topic to individuals because when the conventions of gender are shifted, â€Å"we feel socially dislocated† (65). AnRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Gender989 Words   |  4 PagesRace is a system of categories put in place by society in order to make each individual fit into a certain social group. It is due to societies implementation of such a system that individuals in these racial categories do not always look at each other as equals, causing a race to not always identify themselves as a homogenous front. This essay will delve into the poetry of a popular Def Jam spoken word artist Black Ice, whose piece Bigger Than Mine looks into the dualism within Black society inRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Gender832 Words   |  4 PagesSex, as we have learned, refers to the physical and anatomical differences between males and females. These differences are biological and unambiguous. Gender on the other hand, refers to the aspects that influence each sex and make them distinct from a social standpoint, and each of us does gender constantly. The social construction of gender has caused controversy throughout the years, and has ultimately conceived one of the most contended topics in our society of late: feminism. Feminism refersRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Gender957 Words   |  4 Pagesregulations in which people have to obey making social life be structured. Society has expectations for people to live by. People tend to live up to the norms in order to feel part of the world. Individuals do not want to be judged and labeled, so unconsciously live by the roles that they believe their gender has to follow. Gender is socially constructed concept in which society acts upon. The family is the first to influence individuals to this idea. Gender has roles in which boys and girls are supposed

Chadwick - 983 Words

Euro Challenge 2012 The Current Economic Situation The Euro Area Economic Situation – March 2012 The euro area economy as a whole contracted (i.e., growth was negative) at the end of 2011. In 2012, the euro area will likely undergo a mild recession (a period of negative growth) but is expected to stage a gradual recovery in the second half of this year. Already, there are signs of stabilization, and recent measures taken by the ECB and European leaders are helping to overcome the euro crisis. Key concepts Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the value of all goods and services produced in a geographical region over a period of time (years, quarters, months). GDP growth tells you by how much GDP increased in a given†¦show more content†¦In January 2012, the average unemployment rate for the euro area rose to 10.7%. This means that one out of ten workers is out of a job. In some countries, young people are particularly affected (e.g., Spain, Greece). Behind the 10.7% average figure is a huge disparity in unemployment rates between euro area countries. The unemployment rate in Austria is just 4%, while in Spain it is over 23%. The unemployment rate is expected to stabilize and gradually decline as growth recovers later this year. But it is bound to stay painfully high in countries that must cut spending sharply to get debt levels down. 2013 Inflation Rate 5.0% 4.0% Inflation 3.0% delicious.com/eurochallenge facebook.com/eurochallengecompetition 2.0% 1.0% 0.0% Source: Eurostat European Commission vimeo.com/channels/eurochallenge 2013 2010 2009 2008 2007 -1.0% 2006 Inflation rose steeply in the beginning of 2011 as a result of higher energy and commodity prices. Inflation has gradually declined and isShow MoreRelatedChadwick Inc.2887 Words   |  12 PagesCase Analysis: Chadwick Inc. case analysis Hamzah. Najib, Mustapha, Syed Hasan Background of Case 6: CHADWICK, INC.: THE BALANCED SCORECARD (ABRIDGED) Chadwick. Inc was a diversified producer of personal consumer products and pharmaceuticals. The Norwalk Division of Chadwick developed, manufactured and sold ethical drugs. The company was respected for the high quality of its products. Norwalk sold its products through several key distributors who supplied local markets. Norwalk relied on itsRead MoreChadwick Case - Balance Scorecard3035 Words   |  13 PagesDesigning a Balanced Scorecard for a pharmaceutical company Chadwick, Inc.: The Balanced Scorecard (Abridged)14 Company Background Chadwick, Inc., was a diversified producer of personal consumer products and pharmaceuticals. The Norwalk Division of Chadwick developed, manufactured, and sold ethical drugs for human and animal use. It was one of five or six sizable companies competing in these markets and, while it did not dominate the industry, the company was considered well managed and was respectedRead MoreThe Issues Raised by the Growth of Manchester and the Reaction to These Issues over the Course of the 19th Century1606 Words   |  7 Pageseverything as â€Å"without their antiquity [and] without their beauty† (Document 2). Because he is English, he may have had a positive bias towards this English city, which makes his negative assertions even more compelling (POV). In addition, Edwin Chadwick, a public health reformer, wrote about the pollution of the living area in Manchester in his Report on the Sanitary Conditions of the Laboring Population in Britain. He describes how the issue of pollution w as raised by the growth of the city sayingRead MorePlaying God, By Ruth Chadwick849 Words   |  4 Pagesrelating the potential consequences that human perception sees in the event that humans take the role of making omnipotent decisions. Situations discussed by Chadwick begin with an argument revolving around the idea of â€Å"letting die†, particularly in the medical field. Further, I will discuss humans making decisions concerning life versus death. Chadwick, on a separate front, presents the playing god objection in the sense of moral limits regarding science and technology. Numerous questions have arisen inRead MoreChadwick Inc. Balance Scorecard1358 Words   |  6 PagesNov. 13, 2013 The Balance Scorecard – Chadwick, Inc. Relying on traditional financial measures, a single perspective, failed to provide a clear performance on the business performance of operations. The balanced scorecard gives managers a comprehensive view of the business by providing four perspectives of both external and internal operations: financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business perspective, and innovation and learning perspective. The Balance Scorecard allowsRead MoreChadwick Inc : the Balanced Scorecard Essay802 Words   |  4 PagesChadwick Inc : The Balanced scoredcard Question 1 Although Norwalk Division of Chadwick is not dominate the industry of personal consumer products and pharmaceuticals , it earns a high market share and is successful rely on the well –managed and its high quality product . In order to maximum its profit in modern market , a balanced scoredcard can be used to support its â€Å"Product differentiation † strategy . Upon to John Greenfield ’ s draft of balanced scored , it is very effective that to putRead MoreBSC Chadwick Case Study Essay1769 Words   |  8 PagesBalanced Scorecard for the Norwalk Pharmaceutical Division of Chadwick , inc. What parts of the business strategy the John Greenfield sketched out should be included ? Are there any parts that should be excluded or cannot be made operational ? What scorecard measures would you use to implement your scorecard in the Norwalk Pharmaceutical Division? What new Measures need to be developed, and how would you go about developing them? Chadwick, Inc: The Balanced Scorecard (Norwalk Division) Vision : ToRead MoreThe First American Army By Bruce Chadwick Essay1612 Words   |  7 PagesThe main topics of â€Å"The First American Army† are the stories of eight men and their marches into battle, during the American Revolution. Bruce Chadwick, the author of â€Å"The First American Army†, is a professor, historian, lecturer, and author of over 28 books. He earned his doctorate in American History at Rutgers University, where he now teaches part-time. The American Revolution seemed like an interesting subject. The first chapter was about the battle of Bunker Hill. This battle took place onRead MoreEssay The Music of Charles Ives1545 Words   |  7 Pagesborn in 1863 in Auburndale, MA, which was not a big town by any means. From a young age, he took piano and organ lessons from his mother before heading to Boston to study with George Chadwick. While in Boston, he became a member of the Second New England School, along with John Knowles Paine, his teacher George Chadwick, Amy Beach, and Edward MacDowell. According to Nicholas Tawa , the aim of the Second New England School was to develop an American classical idiom that stands apart from European ancestorsRead MoreSuite E Major ( See Appendix B )1952 Words   |  8 PagesSuite in E Major (see Appendix B) Arthur Foote, along with John Knowles Pain, George W. Chadwick, Horatio Parker, Amy Beach, and Edward MacDowell, were a group of composers that became known as the â€Å"Second New England School† (Crawford Hamberlin, 2013, p. 185). Foote was a well-known educator as well who served as a guest lecturer at the University of California, Berkeley in the summer of 1911, and also taught piano at the New England Conservatory from 1921 until his death in 1927 (Cipolla, n

Market Expansion and Productivity Growth

Question: Discuss about a Case Study on Market Expansion and Productivity Growth? Answer: Introduction Entering any trade section of a market takes a gigantic amount of effective and efficient efforts from the management of the firm and the new boutique firm is not an exception (Baldwin and Yan 2012). The business plan will analyse all the market entry methods and select the best suited one for the boutique. Moreover, the study will also showcase the entire fiscal position of the firm after in- depth scrutiny of the market and its demands. Estimation will also be provided regarding various sections of finance of the boutique that will include profit and loss statement, projected cash flow, sales estimation and balance sheet. Market Entry Strategy The boutique as planned will carry out its trade operations in city centre of London; hence, there is a possibility of a huge rush in the counters once the boutique offers an eye catching discount on its products as a opening ceremony attraction. The four market entries method within which the boutique can choose from are stated below: Low cost leadership Differentiation Strategy (Lymbersky 2009) Cost focus Differentiation focus (Marketing Donut 2016) Figure 1: Market entry strategies (Source: Byun and Ahn 2009) The boutique will use an amalgamated strategy of low cost leadership and differentiation strategy which will enable them to attract massive amount of consumers. Moreover, the boutique will use price penetration strategy as their pricing strategy, where the price will be lowered initially and will increase with rise in demands (Hoernig 2014). Market Growth Strategy According to Chang and Chiu (2009), achieving success and growing smoothly within any business domain is one of the most challenging tasks that the management has to face during the initial set up of the company. The same is also applicable for the boutique and hence, the adopting and implementing the strategic growth of the Ansoff matrix will be executed by the boutique. Figure 2: Ansoff Matrix (Source: Businesscasestudies.co.uk 2016) As already discussed the will adopt the price penetration strategy, which will enable them to achieve the best possible in terms of attracted customers (Chakrabarti, Vidal and Mitchell 2011). Moreover, price penetration is one of the most popular pricing strategies within the clothing and retail industry as there are uncountable numbers of competitors operating within the market. Operational Issues The actual fabrication and development of a firms services and products are best highlighted from its operational and logistical divisions (Essling 2011). All the operational sections and its role in the business process of the boutique are stated below: Location The Boutique will be located in the City Centre of London, and being one of the busiest market places of the country, the place will throw in massive business opportunity in the path of the firm. Employees The total numbers of employees in the boutique will 4, which will consist of 3 staff members and 1 supervisor. However, apart from these 4 employees, the boutique will require to either employing or searching manpower to work as freelancers for other requirements of business such as production, designing and IT services. Production The production department of the boutique will disguised play the most pivotal role among the entire business process, as the quality of garments will depend on the skills of the employed workers within this division of the firm (Gunay 2009). Therefore, the boutique will require to employee at least 4 to 5 capable workers to bring out the best and differentiated products within the market and to its customers. Inventory Some nominal and basic inventory will be required within the boutique which will include one computer/ laptop, posters, stock of garments, chairs, and drinking waiter facility. Design Unit This section will employ only 1 employee, who will have the sole responsibility to provide the production department with unique and differentiated designs of garments. Finance Unit 1 skilled and experienced financial supervisor will be employed and as it is a small business for the time being, the concerned person will not face any sort of excessive work pressure problems. Financial Projections The reasonable estimation and financial projection of the Boutique has been provided below, which is based on the first year of operation. The start up assets needed for the boutique and the Sources of funding the same has been presented below. Estimated Budget for opening the retail showroom Amount Logo and creation of name $1,000 Stationery $1,500 Telephone an utilities $2,000 packaging $2,500 Business Supplies $600 Real Estate Attorney and CPA $2,500 Gran Opening Event $3,000 Signage $1,500 POS System $3,500 Bank Card machine and supplies $400 Build- out $15,000 Business Inventory Insurance $2,500 Travel- market buying trips $2,250 Total Start up expense $38,250 Start - up assets $18,200 Start - up Inventory $80,000 Other current assets $0 Long- term assets $15,000 Total assets $1,13,200 Total Requirements $1,51,450 Table 1: Start up assets (Source: Created by author) Sources of Funds Owners' and other investments $71,000 Bank loans $80,450 Other loans $ - Total Source of Funds $1,51,450 Use of Funds Buildings/real estate $ - Leasehold improvements $20,000 Capital equipment $35,000 Location/administration expenses $5,800 Opening inventory $9,000 Advertising/promotional expenses $4,000 Other expenses $1,200 Contingency fund $4,000 Working capital $72,450 Total Use of Funds $1,51,450 Table 1: Sources of Funds (Source: Created by author) Pricing Projection The pricing of the garments will be underpinned in the tag at its real price but a attracting and mindboggling discount will be provided as the special occasion of the opening ceremony of the boutique. The sales estimation of the boutique is presented below: Description January February March April May June July August September October November December Total Sales $51,414 $56,555 $62,211 $68,432 $75,275 $82,803 $91,083 $1,00,191 $1,10,210 $1,21,232 $1,33,355 $1,46,690 $10,99,452 Table 2: Sales Estimation (Source: Created by author) Graph 1: Sales Estimation (Source: Created by author) The above table and graph shows that the boutique will not be able to sell huge amount of garments in the first month despite of providing a huge discount but will successful attract consumers and hence the sale will go up by 10 % each month (Longbrake 2013). However, another noticeable element is that the boutique due to its price penetration will be able to start from a standard amount of sales from the very beginning month of operation. Projected Income / PF Statement The projected profit and loss statement of the boutique for the first year of its operation is presented below: Description January February March April May June July August September October November December Total Sales $51,414 $56,555 $62,211 $68,432 $75,275 $82,803 $91,083 $1,00,191 $1,10,210 $1,21,232 $1,33,355 $1,46,690 $10,99,452 COGS $52,477 $52,477 $52,477 $52,477 $52,477 $52,477 $52,477 $52,477 $52,477 $52,477 $52,477 $52,477 $6,29,724 Gross Margin $1,063 ($4,078) $9,734 $15,955 $22,798 $30,326 $38,606 $47,714 $57,733 $68,755 $80,878 $94,213 $4,63,697 Gross Margin % $2 ($8) $19 $30 $43 $58 $74 $91 $110 $131 $154 $180 $74 Expense Accounting / Legal $2,154 $1,157 $1,059 $1,045 $456 $889 $778 $889 $1,114 $1,023 $658 $778 $75,000 Bad Debts $2,278 $2,245 $2,047 $2,094 $3,150 $1,547 $1,568 $3,883 $2,169 $2,017 $1,256 $1,457 $44,112 Shrinkage $10,000 $15,000 $22,000 $5,000 $7,000 $11,000 $8,000 $4,000 $3,500 $2,500 $1,200 $800 $0 Credit Card Fees $1,254 $2,478 $1,382 $1,587 $1,947 $1,568 $1,489 $1,948 $1,457 $1,647 $2,114 $1,697 $7,356 Insurance $6,250 $6,250 $6,250 $6,250 $6,250 $6,250 $6,250 $6,250 $6,250 $6,250 $6,250 $6,250 $17,460 Miscellaneous $3,478 $3,120 $3,654 $3,987 $3,654 $4,103 $4,102 $3,602 $3,687 $3,469 $3,002 $4,254 $12,342 Payroll Taxes $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $20,928 Permits and Licenses $1,047 $156 $546 $567 $423 $1,078 $706 $564 $445 $598 $778 $448 $3,25,477 Rent $1,455 $1,455 $1,455 $1,455 $1,455 $1,455 $1,455 $1,455 $1,455 $1,455 $1,455 $1,455 $17,460 Salaries $1,028 $1,029 $1,029 $1,029 $1,029 $1,029 $1,029 $1,028 $1,028 $1,028 $1,028 $1,028 $12,342 Wages $1,744 $1,744 $1,744 $1,744 $1,744 $1,744 $1,744 $1,744 $1,744 $1,744 $1,744 $1,744 $20,928 Total Expenses $30,688 $34,634 $41,166 $24,758 $27,108 $30,663 $27,121 $25,363 $22,849 $21,731 $19,485 $19,911 $5,53,405 Net Profit ($29,625) ($38,712) ($31,432) ($8,803) ($4,310) ($337) $11,485 $22,351 $34,884 $47,024 $61,393 $74,302 $10,31,810 Net Profit Sales $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $13 $22 $32 $39 $46 $51 $20,19,508 Table 3: Profit and Loss estimation (Source: Created by author) Graph 2: Profit and Loss estimation (Source: Created by author) The above table and graph clearly highlights the fact that the gross margin of the boutique in the month of February will be a loss of $ 4,078, which is due to removal of the discounts from the garments that was offered in the month of January. However, the gross margin in March will turn out to be around $9,734 that will be due to the huge amount of attracted customer base. Meanwhile, the net profit of the boutique has been forecast as below: Month Net Profit January ($29,625) February ($38,712) March ($31,432) April ($8,803) May ($4,310) June ($337) July $11,485 August $22,351 September $34,884 October $47,024 November $61,393 December $74,302 Net Profit Forecast (Source: Created by author) The forecast quiet reasonably highlights that the boutique will not be able to earn any sort of profit from its operating in the first 6 months, which is until June and will have the lowest net loss on June of $337. The turnaround point of the boutique can be said to be the month of July on which the firm will achieve its first profit of $11,485. Projected Cash Flow Statement The cash flow of the boutique for the first year of its operation within the market has been highlighted below along with detailed analysis of the same. Pro Forma Cash Flow January February March April May June July August September October November December Cash Received $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Cash from Operations $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Cash Sales $51,414 $56,555 $62,211 $68,432 $75,275 $82,803 $91,083 $1,00,191 $1,10,210 $1,21,232 $1,33,355 $1,46,690 Cash from Receivables $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Subtotal Cash from Operations $51,414 $56,555 $62,211 $68,432 $75,275 $82,803 $91,083 $1,00,191 $1,10,210 $1,21,232 $1,33,355 $1,46,690 Additional Cash Received $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Sales Tax $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 New Investment $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Subtotal Cash Received $51,414 $56,555 $62,211 $68,432 $75,275 $82,803 $91,083 $1,00,191 $1,10,210 $1,21,232 $1,33,355 $1,46,690 Expenditures Cash Spent $57,584 $57,584 $57,584 $57,584 $69,547 $69,547 $69,547 $69,547 $75,489 $75,489 $75,489 $75,489 Bills Paid $784 $831 $839 $848 $856 $865 $873 $882 $891 $900 $909 $918 Subtotal Spent on Operations $56,800 $56,753 $56,745 $56,736 $68,691 $68,682 $68,674 $68,665 $74,598 $74,589 $74,580 $74,571 Additional Cash Spent Sales Tax (10%) $5,680 $5,675 $5,674 $5,674 $6,869 $6,868 $6,867 $6,866 $7,460 $7,459 $7,458 $7,457 Subtotal Expenditures $62,480 $62,428 $62,419 $62,410 $75,560 $75,550 $75,541 $75,531 $82,058 $82,048 $82,038 $82,028 Net Cash Flow ($11,066) ($5,873) ($208) $6,022 ($285) $7,252 $15,542 $24,660 $28,153 $39,184 $51,317 $64,662 Cash Balance ($11,066) ($16,939) ($17,147) ($11,125) ($11,409) ($4,157) $11,385 $36,045 $64,198 $1,03,381 $1,54,698 $2,19,360 Table 4: Cash Flow Statement (Source: Created by author) Graph 3: Net Cash flow and Cash balance comparison (Source: Created by author) The cash flow statement clearly shows that the boutique will face scarcity of cash in the first 6 months of its operations as the business will run in loss. The situation will hit a turnaround element in the month of July as in that month the net cash flow and cash balance are estimated at $15,542 and $11,385 respectively. In the month of December, both the net cash flow and cash balance will go up to an estimated amount of $64,662 and $2, 19,360 respectively. Moving on to the comparison of net cash flow and cash balance, the fact can be easily derive from the graph that the cash balance of the boutique will require more time to turn into a positive amount than the net cash flow (Padoan and Mariani 2010). The first continuous positive net cash flow of the firm will be $7252 and first continuous positive cash balance will be $11,385. Projected Balance Sheet As opined by Roenfeldt and Osteryoung (2012), Balance Sheet of any business is the sole component that has the actual ability to let the stakeholders realise the exact fiscal position of the business at a certain point of time and hence, analysing the Projected Balance Sheet of the boutique is immensely pivotal, which is discussed below: Assets January February March April May June July August September October November December Total Current Assets Cash ($11,066) ($16,939) ($17,147) ($11,125) ($11,409) ($4,157) $11,385 $36,045 $64,198 $1,03,381 $1,54,698 $2,19,360 $5,17,224 Accounts Receivable $2,083 $2,083 $2,083 $2,083 $2,083 $2,083 $2,083 $2,083 $2,084 $2,084 $2,084 $2,084 $25,000 Inventory $1,166 $1,166 $1,166 $1,166 $1,167 $1,167 $1,167 $1,167 $1,167 $1,167 $1,167 $1,167 $14,000 Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Total Current Assets ($7,817) ($13,690) ($13,898) ($7,876) ($8,159) ($907) $14,635 $39,295 $67,449 $1,06,632 $1,57,949 $2,22,611 $5,56,224 Long Term Assets Long Term Assets $12,041 $12,041 $12,041 $12,041 $12,042 $12,042 $12,042 $12,042 $12,042 $12,042 $12,042 $12,042 $1,44,500 Accumulated Depreciation $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Total Long Term Assets $22,375 $22,375 $22,375 $22,375 $22,375 $22,375 $22,375 $22,375 $22,375 $22,375 $22,375 $22,375 $2,68,500 Total Assets $14,558 $8,685 $8,477 $14,499 $14,216 $21,468 $37,010 $61,670 $89,824 $1,29,007 $1,80,324 $2,44,986 $8,24,724 Liabilities and Capital Current Liabilities Accounts Payable $2,416 $2,416 $2,416 $2,416 $2,417 $2,417 $2,417 $2,417 $2,417 $2,417 $2,417 $2,417 $29,000 Current Borrowing $125 $125 $125 $125 $125 $125 $125 $125 $125 $125 $125 $125 $1,500 Other Current Liabilities $2,375 $2,375 $2,375 $2,375 $2,375 $2,375 $2,375 $2,375 $2,375 $2,375 $2,375 $2,375 $28,500 Subtotal Current Liabilities $4,791 $4,791 $4,791 $4,791 $4,792 $4,792 $4,792 $4,792 $4,792 $4,792 $4,792 $4,792 $59,000 Long Term Liabilities $15,750 $15,750 $15,750 $15,750 $15,750 $15,750 $15,750 $15,750 $15,750 $15,750 $15,750 $15,750 $1,89,000 Total Liabilities $20,541 $20,541 $20,541 $20,541 $20,542 $20,542 $20,542 $20,542 $20,542 $20,542 $20,542 $20,542 $2,77,000 Paid In / Invested Capital $18,583 $18,583 $18,583 $18,583 $18,584 $18,584 $18,584 $18,584 $18,583 $18,583 $18,583 $18,583 $2,23,000 Total Capital $18,583 $18,583 $18,583 $18,583 $18,583 $18,583 $18,583 $18,583 $18,584 $18,584 $18,584 $18,584 $2,23,000 Total Liabilities and Capital $39,124 $39,124 $39,124 $39,124 $39,125 $39,125 $39,125 $39,125 $39,126 $39,126 $39,126 $39,126 $5,00,000 Table 5: Balance Sheet (Source: Created by author) The balance sheet clearly highlights the fact that the boutique will have to face a tough time until the month of June as the cash is estimated at a negative balance of -$4,175 and total current assets for the same month is estimated at -$907. Therefore, it can be quiet reasonably argued that the boutique needs to take special care of its fianc section until it have started achieving a positive cash flow (Velez-Pareja 2012). Identification of Finances and Resources The three major resources of the boutique are identified and elaborated below, which will enable the store to excel in its business operation with each passing month. Finance Resource The most imperative element needed is financial funding that will take care of all the start up expense of the boutique and hence, a loan of $80,450 will be taken from the bank (Markman and Phan 2011). Human Resource The employees selected for the boutique will play a massive role behind the success ratio of the firm. Hence, it is recommended that a capable employee is designated as the HR. Physical Resource The boutique will be located at the City centre of London and the apparels will consists of well renowned designers. Moreover, a nice interior along with sitting arrangements will be enough for the time being. Risk and Mitigation Three mitigation and risk have been identified by the boutique, which is elaborated below: What if the apparels and garments gets rejected by customers Rejection of the differentiated garments of the boutique is a major risk, which can be circumvented by advertising and dividing the section of garments as per their categories, which will ease up the selection process for the customers (Sette 2015). What if the store gets congested due to excessive users in time of sale and discount The only actual remedy is to enlarge the floor space, which will be a unnecessary waste if funds as the rush is predicted only in the discount periods (Pehrsson 2011). Therefore, the boutique needs to employ one more personnel, who will have the sole responsibility to get rid of the non- buying customers in a polite manner. Risk if business goes dead Threat of new entrants within the market is one of the most common and experienced threats or risks. This can become even worse if the idea and strategy of the boutique is leaked within the market and hence, the only remedy is assuring confidentiality of the concerned data documents, which should not be compromised under any circumstance. Reference List Baldwin, J. and Yan, B. 2012. Market Expansion and Productivity Growth: Do New Domestic Markets Matter as Much as New International Markets?. Journal of Economics Management Strategy, 21(2), pp.469-491. Businesscasestudies.co.uk, 2016. Ansoff's growth strategies - Growing a business by developing products and markets - Beiersdorf | Beiersdorf case studies and information | Business Case Studies. [online] Available at: https://businesscasestudies.co.uk/beiersdorf/growing-a-business-by-developing-products-and-markets/ansoffs-growth-strategies.html#axzz402nXOZmT [Accessed 13 Feb. 2016]. Byun, B. and Ahn, B. 2009. Growth of competitive strategy in the world market. Technovation, 9(8), pp.635-656. Chakrabarti, A., Vidal, E. and Mitchell, W. 2011. Business transformation in heterogeneous environments: The impact of market development and firm strength on retrenchment and growth reconfiguration. Global Strategy Journal, 1(1-2), pp.6-26. Chang, M. and Chiu, Y. 2009. The analysis of a price war strategy under market demand growth. Economic Modelling, 25(5), pp.868-875. Essling, C. 2011. Uncertainty, Flexibility, and Market Entry. SSRN Electronic Journal. Gunay, H. 2009. Strategic delay in market entry. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'Aconomique, 41(3), pp.998-1014. Hoernig, S. 2014. Market Penetration and Late Entry Strategies. SSRN Electronic Journal. Longbrake, W. 2013. Statistical Cost and Financial Analysis. Financial Management, 2(1), p.48. Lymbersky, C. 2009. Market entry strategies. Hamburg: Management Laboratory Press. Marketing Donut, 2016. Strategies for growing your business. [online] Available at: https://www.marketingdonut.co.uk/marketing/marketing-strategy/strategies-for-growing-your-business [Accessed 13 Feb. 2016]. Markman, G. and Phan, P. 2011. Competitive dynamics of entrepreneurial market entry. Cheltenham, Glos, UK: Edward Elgar. Padoan, P. and Mariani, F. 2010. Growth and Finance,. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 44(1), pp.77-112. Pehrsson, A. 2011. Firms' customer responsiveness: relationships with competition, market growth, and performance. Journal of Strategy and Mgt, 4(4), pp.347-364. Roenfeldt, R. and Osteryoung, J. 2012. Analysis of Financial Statements. Financial Management, 2(1), p.74. Sette, E. 2015. Sorting, Reputation and Entry in a Market for Experts. SSRN Electronic Journal. Velez-Pareja, I. 2012. Financial Analysis and Control - Financial Ratio Analysis. SSRN Electronic Journal.

Pericles Funeral Oration free essay sample

Pericles, the leader of the Athenians had presented this Oration as did his predecessors after their people have fallen in battle. The Oration was to talk about why their very own were fighting in battle and as a result died for their lands and ways of life. This particular Oration was from the early days of the Peloponnesian War. The speech was intended for every Athenian and any others that wished to attend. Prior to the speech, the dead are honored in a similar fashion as we do today with our high ranking public officials or famous people. The honored dead were in a procession, coffins brought through the streets along with one empty coffin for the missing. Eventually, the dead were laid in public sepulcher (tomb) in suburbs of the city. Pericles starts his speech off by honoring their ancestors because it is the right thing to do and one of the requirements by law during these Orations. We will write a custom essay sample on Pericles Funeral Oration or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After all if it weren’t for their ancestors, Athens would not be. He then goes into describing their democracy and why it is the best for all to follow. In their democracy, as in any democracy, the laws cover all not just certain groups of people. There is equality for all, even a person with a deformity or poor can serve in a public position. This normally does not happen in a non-democracy government. Pericles goes into depth regarding how the Athens culture has always been like an open door policy. They did not have the military running around the streets enforcing everything, letting one and all who wanted to claim home there do so. Although being a great idea, in their past there has been individuals, â€Å"enemies† found to take advantage of the decent and law abiding people and used it against the people of Athens. Athenians live as they want to, they want and like to be happy and enjoyed life and the freedoms everyone should endure. But they are also willing to drop everything to march off into dangerous times with no assistance or allies while their adversaries would have back-up or sheer numbers as evident of Lacedaemonians, (Sparta). He wanted the Athenians to realize their greatness, this adeptness comes from the fact that warriors fought for something, not because they were told and forced into fighting at such young ages. Athenian warriors fought for their country but also for their family, friends and other communities in the city. Athenians soldiers were not afraid to die for their culture to continue as they thought dying was more honorable than to be only wounded. This has great advantages even today when someone has a purpose to fight for not just because they are being forced to fight. He then goes into saying that they are a city that is the school of Hellas, â€Å"Greece. This meaning the more flexibility of its people of Athens will enrich the power of their city/state. He drove this point that education is meant to upgrade their states worthwhile. Through such teachings the Athenians reputation has been emulated by others. If it weren’t for education we would probably still be in the ancient times. Pericles the whole time is in the comforting frame of mind for the many that came to listen to his speech, after all, many that are there to listen has just lost a loved one, maybe their f ather, husband or brother. He touches on the subject of kids. Saying that the women, who can still bear children, should do so not only to take their minds off the loss of someone but I think it was also meant to increase man power if and when needed. To sum up the Oration in my opinion, this was meant to motivate. It encouraged, inspired and reminded not to mention prepared them for the remainder of the Peloponnesian War with hopes they would all remember the ones that had already took the ultimate sacrifice, death.

Free Essays on Great Expectations Essay

One of the most prominent themes in Great Expectations was that a person’s worth lies in the goodness of his heart or the, content of his character, rather than in his wealth or social status. Dickens clearly makes this true throughout each of Pip’s expectations. In Pip’s first great expectation, Dickens makes it evident that the young ignorant Pip was truly happy and was a great person. During Pip’s second expectation, it is easily deduced that even when Pip had money he was still a kind and caring person. Lastly, in Pip’s third expectation, he encounters a truly humbling experience and learns that others too can be kind or cruel regardless of social status. Henry David Thoreau once said, â€Å"Money is not required to buy one necessity of the soul.† This statement is very true in Great Expectations. In the beginning of the story, Pip was not wealthy. However, this young boy was happy (as well as naà ¯ve). He had a good heat and was caring. Being naà ¯ve was probably the source of his happiness and kindness though. Before Estella and wealth â€Å"brainwashed† Pip, he was a happy, carefree boy. Afterwards, he was miserable and cruel to his real â€Å"family†, Biddy and Joe. An allusion corresponding to this instance would be â€Å"Adam and Eve†. Before they partook of the fruit of knowledge, they were happy living in the Garden of Eden. After they lost their ignorance they became miserable and had to leave their paradise. Pip was truly happy and wealthy (in friends and family) before he had ever considered becoming a gentleman. Once Pip started to receive money and was considered wealthy, he was still a good person. However, Estella’s influence and his want to â€Å"fit-in† with the upper-class made him treat Joe and Biddy as Estella had treated him (like an incoherent moron who didn’t deserve respect). Pip was still sensitive though. He had remorse for how he treated Joe and often wanted to go visit him. Pip also was a very ... Free Essays on Great Expectations Essay Free Essays on Great Expectations Essay One of the most prominent themes in Great Expectations was that a person’s worth lies in the goodness of his heart or the, content of his character, rather than in his wealth or social status. Dickens clearly makes this true throughout each of Pip’s expectations. In Pip’s first great expectation, Dickens makes it evident that the young ignorant Pip was truly happy and was a great person. During Pip’s second expectation, it is easily deduced that even when Pip had money he was still a kind and caring person. Lastly, in Pip’s third expectation, he encounters a truly humbling experience and learns that others too can be kind or cruel regardless of social status. Henry David Thoreau once said, â€Å"Money is not required to buy one necessity of the soul.† This statement is very true in Great Expectations. In the beginning of the story, Pip was not wealthy. However, this young boy was happy (as well as naà ¯ve). He had a good heat and was caring. Being naà ¯ve was probably the source of his happiness and kindness though. Before Estella and wealth â€Å"brainwashed† Pip, he was a happy, carefree boy. Afterwards, he was miserable and cruel to his real â€Å"family†, Biddy and Joe. An allusion corresponding to this instance would be â€Å"Adam and Eve†. Before they partook of the fruit of knowledge, they were happy living in the Garden of Eden. After they lost their ignorance they became miserable and had to leave their paradise. Pip was truly happy and wealthy (in friends and family) before he had ever considered becoming a gentleman. Once Pip started to receive money and was considered wealthy, he was still a good person. However, Estella’s influence and his want to â€Å"fit-in† with the upper-class made him treat Joe and Biddy as Estella had treated him (like an incoherent moron who didn’t deserve respect). Pip was still sensitive though. He had remorse for how he treated Joe and often wanted to go visit him. Pip also was a very ...

Batch Number Search in FamilySearch Historical Records

Batch Number Search in FamilySearch Historical Records Many of the extracted vital and parish records from the original International Genealogical Index (IGI), as well as some of the collections created through FamilySearch Indexing, are part of FamilySearchs Historical Records Collection. For genealogists who previously used batch numbers in the IGI, batch number search in the Historical Records Collection offers a shortcut to searching a specific records collection. Batch numbers also offer yet another way to manipulate your results at FamilySearch.org to find what youre looking for. What Is a Batch Number? Entries in the IGI come from two major sources of information: 1) individual submissions submitted by members of the LDS church and 2) information extracted by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from parish records and other vital records of birth, marriage and death from around the world. The latter group of extracted records are the ones that have been moved from the IGI into the Historical Records Collection. Batch numbers were also used to identify some of the record groups in FamilySearchs Vital Records Index collections, as well as assigned to many of the collections of indexed records that have been added through the work of volunteers and FamilySearchIndexing. Each group of records submitted has been assigned a batch number, which identifies the specific collection of historical records that an extracted record came from. For example, batch M116481 refers to the collection â€Å"Scotland Marriages, 1561-1910,† specifically marriages for Lanark, Lanarkshire, Scotland for the period 1855 to 1875. Records from a single parish will generally be grouped into anywhere from one to several batches. If a batch number begins with an M (marriage) or C (christening), then it usually means the information was extracted from original parish records. How to Search by Batch Number On the FamilySearch Historical Records Collection search page, select Advanced Search to use the Batch Number field.From a Search Results Page, click on New Search in the upper left-hand corner to bring up extra search fields for narrowing your search, including the Batch Number. With the batch number entered you arent required to complete any other field. You can enter only a surname to bring up all records from that batch/collection for that name. Or you can enter a first name only if you arent sure of a surname spelling. To find all children baptized in a particular parish you might try entering only the names (or just surnames) of the two parents. Or to view all extracted records from the batch as a single alphabetical file enter the batch number only, without a name or other information. How to Find Batch Numbers Many of the IGI and FamilySearch Indexing entries in the FamilySearch Historical Records Collection include a batch number in the source information at the bottom of an individual record page, as well as the microfilm number from which the batch was extracted (labeled source film number or film number). You can also find this information by clicking the little down triangle next to a name on the Search Results page to expand the index entry. An easy shortcut to finding batch numbers for a specific parish is offered at Hugh Wallis Web site, IGI Batch Numbers - British Isles and North America (United States, Canada, England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales and the Channel Islands). His direct links no longer work with the new FamilySearch site (they still go to the old IGI site which will disappear at some future date), but you can still copy the batch number and paste it directly into the FamilySearch Historical Records Collection search form. Batch Number Guides Guides to batch numbers for many other countries have also been created and put online by genealogists. Some such IGI Batch Number Web sites include: Batch Numbers de los paises latinoamericanos - IGI batch numbers for the countries of Spain, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Peru and Mexico.Numà ©ros de BATCHS pour le Pays Basque et la Navarre - Batch numbers for the Basque Country (Spain) and Navarre.IGI batchnummers van Nederland en Belgià « - IGI batch numbers for the Netherlands and BelgiumIGI og VRI Batch-numre for Danmark, Norge og Sverige - Batch numbers for Denmark, Norway and Sweden.Les numà ©ros de batch de lIGI - Search the index or browse by dà ©partement to find Batch Numbers for France.IGI Index: Deutsches Batchnummern Verzeichnis - Browse for your German town of interest to find batch numbers specific to Germany.Batch Numbers de Italia - IGI batch numbers for Italy.Mexico IGI batch numbers - More than 3579 batch numbers for 32 Mexican states have been added so far.Batch numbers de las parroquias espaà ±olas microfilmadas - IGI batch numbers for parishes in Spain. One important reminder. The IGI, as helpful as it is, is a collection of extracted records, which means that there are likely to be some mistakes and overlooked records introduced during the extraction/indexing process. It is best to follow up on events found in all indexed records by viewing the original parish records, or microfilm copies of those records. All records indexed by batch number in the FamilySearch Historical Records Collection are available for viewing via microfilm loan at your local Family History Center.

Reflection paper Utopia book by Thomas Moore Essay

Reflection paper Utopia book by Thomas Moore - Essay Example It is such worrying that people are predisposed to resignation instead of believing and working towards the realization of such society. Personally, I believe that such society can be achieved eventually when everybody gets better. When we all get better as people, our priorities will change from superfluity towards improvement and rationality. Eventually we will also avoid war seeing its ill effects and will instead work towards the achievement of an ideal society. Many may criticize Moore’s idea of Utopia as outdated and being such, it is no longer applies to modern society. I disagree with that and idea in fact, Moore’s assessment of society is still true today especially with our consumerist tendency where we are lured towards consumerism by advertisements that draw us into the trap of materialism which More have adequately described. This consumerism, superfluity or love of gold as Moore puts it, is still the source of all the ills of our society which had been true during Moore’s day and it is still true

Australian Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Australian Constitution - Essay Example Justice M.D. Kirby (1997) succinctly highlights the difficulties in this manner: "I have elsewhere tried to point out that the Australian Constitution can be viewed as reflecting a struggle, which is still ongoing, between British and United States elements captured in its text." (The Honourable Justice M D Kirby AC CMG, 1997) "In 1992 in Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Commonwealth the High Court struck down the Political Broadcasts and Political Disclosures Act 1991 (Cth) which restricted political advertising on the electronic media during Federal, State, Territory and local elections. In doing so, it recognized that the Australian Constitution contains an implied freedom to discuss political matters. This freedom was primarily derived from sections 7 and 24 of the Constitution, which respectively provide that the members of the Senate and the House of Representatives 'shall be ... directly chosen by the people'. As federal laws passed under section 51 of the Constitution are passed 'subject to this Constitution', such laws are invalid if they infringe the implied freedom" (William, George (b); 1996-97). The reason for the High Court decision was clear. The 'implied freedom' took precedence over Political Broadcasts and Political Disclosures Act 1991. Or, the 'implied freedom' was implicitly clear while the written law was irrelevant. The Australian constitution does not guarantee freedom of speech. However, the court ruled in favor of Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd quoting 'implied freedom'. The learned judge ruled on the merits of the case. Had he ruled on the basis of the written constitution, he would have ruled otherwise (William, George (b); 1996-97). The constitution is a powerful document. It is the overriding and supreme determinant. However, sometimes there are verdicts that appear to have little to do with the constitution. At times, they also appear to run counter to the constitution. Nonetheless, the judges are in better position to provide the ruling. The ruling reinforces what many believe that the Australian constitution is a little more than a legal document. In other words, the Australian constitution must be taken with a pinch of salt. Does this also mean that this constitution is inconsistent and has inadequacies No responsible judge will be expected to make such sweeping remarks. However, there could be a silent consensus on what the constitution ought to be (Justice and the Rule of Law). Disputes arise that demand a constitutional resolution. These disputes are handled by legal specialists and settled in the courts. But from time to time, controversies occur, drawing the country's attention to its constitution. These raise major national questions about whether acts of government or parliament, decisions or actions of officials are constitutional, that is, whether they are authorized by the ultimate source of law and power in Australia (Justice and the

Comparasion Wks Essay Example for Free

Comparasion Wks Essay Indiana Common Core Standards: †¢Analyze the representation of a subject or a key scene in two different artistic mediums, including what is emphasized or absent in each treatment. †¢Analyze various accounts of a subject told in different mediums, determining which details are emphasized in each account. †¢Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text. †¢Determine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; provide an objective summary of the text. Part One Directions: Use the following criteria to compare the film Simon Birch to the short story The Scarlet Ibis. Simon BirchScarlet IbisSimilarities/Differences Characters †¢Main characters †¢Protagonist/Antagonist †¢Round/Flat †¢Static/Dynamic †¢Evidence—use a quote from the text AND a line from the story to back up your answerSimon and joe Doodle and his big brotherThey erre both narrated by the second character Plot †¢Setting impact on plot (if any) †¢Events †¢Evidence Motivations †¢Characters †¢Same/different? †¢Evidence Tries to say that he is gods instrument Point of view †¢First or third person? †¢Limited or omniscient? †¢Evidence First person First personThey were both in first person and the narrator wasn’t the main character it was the second character Symbols †¢Symbols in story †¢Symbols in movie †¢Symbols that are similar in both †¢Anything left out? †¢EvidenceHis baseball cards and the armadillo The scarlet ibisThey both mean something to the main characters Theme †¢Theme of the movie †¢Theme of the story †¢Similarities in theme? †¢Differences in theme? †¢Evidence Setting †¢Setting of the story †¢Setting of the movie †¢Similarities in setting? †¢Differences in setting? †¢EvidenceI think that is takes place in the 1950’s? Because of the cars that was in the movie I dont know They both take place in the past Irony †¢Irony and type present in story †¢Irony and type present in movie †¢Similarities †¢Differences †¢EvidenceHe loved to play baseball and he loved joes mom but he killed her with a baseball that he hit into foul territory Situational irony Dramatic irony because when the scarlet ibis died we new that doodle was soon going to die Both of the main characters die

A Funny Thing Happened On the Way to the Theater :: Personal Narrative Acting Papers

A Funny Thing Happened On the Way to the Theater September 5, 2000: First Audition Less than a week ago, I had never auditioned for anything. Tonight, I was on stage with forty or so actors, most of whom had several plays to their credit. As I had neither a major, nor past plays to back me up, I was nervous. I survived it all anyway, and had fun despite the scary scary evaluative process. September 7, 2000: Callbacks The hyper-talkative freshman girl in my French class looked at the callback list before I had a chance to. She wouldn’t tell me if my name was on it, she only wanted to whine that hers wasn’t. After our classes were done, Kaitlin and I checked the list, and were both called back for both possible plays. (yeah!) The second round of auditions began at 7PM, so I had just enough time to get there after standard Thursday night wine tasting. My sister said it would bring me luck, â€Å"I would cast a cute pink-cheeked girl over a regular girl any day!† September 8, 2000: Cast List I’m in a play! Yeah for me! Yeah for me! I’m in a play and I have never been in one before! I have a character name and everything. I am Myrrhina in Plautus’ Roman farce â€Å"A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Wedding.† My character is a drunk. Perhaps those pink cheeks gave me the edge I needed. Rehearsals start Monday, preliminary costume fitting after work today. Oh my. September 11, 2000: First Rehearsal I was the first one to arrive; Askanase auditorium was dark as I stepped tentatively onto the stage. A conference table sat with roughly 20 chairs guarding the periphery. My role prior to this point was that of an audience member; tonight, I entered a new world. Sitting in the glare of the harsh work lights, the chairs of the auditorium were hardly visible. I took a spot at the center of the table, not wanting to be too close to either end. I faced the door so that I could see the others as they filed in. Several of the cast members knew each other, I know them only as staples of the NDSU theater community. The group dynamic is a little intimidating; I hardly spoke at all tonight.

Classical Humanism in Art

5) Classical Humanism in Art Juxtapose two or more works from this period which you feel are illustrative of the renewed interest and enthusiasm for/reinvention of classical humanism. Describe the works in detail, discuss their internal symbols and larger social, cultural and political significances re attitudes to classical humanism C15 Italy Humanism intro Renaissance patrons understood the power of imagery and used it to extent their fame Courts throughout Italy were thriving centers of artistic activity and vied with each other for prominent humanist scientists, writers, architects,painters and sculptors Humanist subjects were taught in schools. The most enlightened renaissance popes encouraged the humanist assimilation of ancient greek and roman philosophies into their own Christian faith Inspired by the ideas in ancient greek and roman texts, which confirmed their new intellectual and scientific interests in understanding the world The praise of the deeds of great figures from antiquity that the humanists found in roman and greek texts supported the notions of pride and fame that were becoming important in a society whose major figures were successful business entrepreneurs and bankers Sought to supplement faith by insisting on the dignity of the individual and human potential for achievement Gave art and artist a new dignity and opened the way for a new level of literary discussions on art Natural observation –an important feature Expanding middle class, new types of art were commissioned by individuals to adorn their private town houses of country villas The dignity of the individual and new selfconsciousness promoted by e Italian humanists had an important influence on attitudes about artists Renaissance artists were viewed as trained intellectuals versed in the classics and geometry Artists became famous Began to create self portaits, a sure indication of theit new status Artists and workshops received a variety of secular and religious commissions Rulers continued to employ works of art for the traditional purposes of exalting and consolidating their power Rulers often commissioned portraits POLITICAL he humanists created, or recreated a structure of values different from that on which medieval ideals of chivalry and nobility were based. humanism was nurtured in the italian city-states, with their republican (not clerical or aristocratic) govts. , epitomized the new ideals of self-reliance and civic virtue - civic and mundane, not chivalric or contemplative. SOCIAL & CULTURAL the growth and spread of humanism is pre-eminent in the intellectual history of the fifteenth century but its r/s with the visual arts is complex and sometimes ambiguous. dontello's statues exhibit a dignity and realism. his works embodied the new ideal man of the renaissance and showed people as self-determined individuals, powerful and intellectually alive.

Financial Difficulties

Finance is a huge part of our life that everybody hope to be in good financial state. However, today, more than ever before, people are struggling with financial problems. According to a research conducted by AC Nielsen and ANZ in 2005, people often display six ways of thinking considered â€Å"unhealthy† that putting people under financial pressure including ‘living for today’, ‘financial disengagement’, ‘aspirational’, ‘emotional enhancement’, ‘ownership of credit’, and ‘credit as supplementary income†.Firstly, the prominent idea is â€Å"living for today†. It means that people just think and spend for their present lives, and do not pay much attention for their future. This way of thinking has a close connection with the â€Å" youthfulness† or the current young generation as they suppose the most important thing to fulfill the emotional life. They often to hang out for shopping or ha ving party with their friends as there are some who think they might die tomorrow. That why they have to enjoy; and live like that day is the last day of their life.While the youth strongly represent this unhealthy thinking, family is also found in this group. For example, a mother with a low income level might think her family is never to become rich; therefore, she must enjoy the moment. One more reason, some fluctuated income people are going to spend more today as they might receive more money in the near future. Unfortunately, they might never think of being in unexpected circumstances. Take illness or the death of the family member as an example. It is likely that they are unable to handle this situation.In fact, this way of thinking definitely triggers negative effects on people’s lives in the long run; hence, people must learn the way to draw out financial plan carefully to be always in safe. Secondly, ‘financial disengagement’. Who are mentioned themselv es are not kind of â€Å"financial minded† and don’t care much about their spending. They are seen as unorganized or easy going people. Similarly to â€Å" living for today† thinking, they put financial issue at the bottom of their perceived value and living for emotional and spirit fulfillment.There are some who have a good job with middle-high salary, they don’t think they need to worry as they can afford to pay their debts soon. They never thought of being in emergency such as they might lose their job or in case they get divorced. I myself experienced a hard time at my first year at my university living far away from my family. Lacking financial management skill, I just spent and bought everything I like without thinking about, managing, and tracking my expenses. As a result, I went out of money soon and cannot afford to necessary things after that. 3. aspirational’: – spending to â€Å"keep up with the Johnes’ meaning a person i s easily want to have the things that others have. He/she is likely to be influenced by others or environment. For eg: A Single Mother, Sally, lived in Rural for a long time, after that she move to the town near her daughter’s school.She start to wanting and needing more material things to fulfill her large house. Then she gradually buy more items. Consequences: they might buy the things that they do not really need. The ‘aspirational’ way of thinking is where people had a particular aspiration that strongly influenced their xpenditure. The unhealthy spectrum of this way of thinking was where this dominated, to an extent that it translated into over-spending and/or over-commitment. Common colloquialisms that people used to describe this way of thinking included ‘keeping up with the Joneses’ and ‘champagne taste on a beer budget’. 4. emotional enhancement’: described themselves as ‘impulsive’, closely related to mood s tate. there appeared to be a trend of using ‘material goods’ to manage emotions, especially negative thoughts. Eg: a single mother â€Å" I think a lot of it had to do with depression.I’m being treated for my depression with antidepressants and I feel so much better now†. Consequences: our spending might exceed our financial ability. In that case, buying are not help to feel better but put us to another worries related to finance. 5. ‘ownership of credit’: – over time an attitude of ‘it’s my money’. They fail to differentiate their money and the thing they perceive as a debt to a lender. ‘You get a false idea of your financial situation†¦ Because you are feeling like it’s your money and in actuality you are using it before you actually pay it. ’ Single Mother, 5 Children. 6. Credit as a supplement income way of thinking:

William Blount essays

William Blount essays William Blount's great-grandfather, Thomas Blount, came to the Americas from England in 1660. He first resided in Virginia, then moved to North Carolina, and started his family. William was the eldest in his family, and was born in 1749 while his mother was visiting her father-in-law's Rosefield estate. This was near William was said to have received a good education although little is known. He also apparently had intrest for government since he was little. When the war started in 1776, Blount was appointed paymaster, who was in charge of wages, in the army of North Carolina. Then in 1778 he married Mary Grainier. They had six children, and one became active in Tennessee's govern- He spent the rest of his life in public office. Blount represented North Carolina in Congress. He sat in the lower house of the legislature for 4 years, from 1780-1784. During those years, he was the speaker of the house, and was a public speaker. He served in the upper house from 1788-1790, and spoke for them as well. Blount also took part in national politics, including two Continental Congress sessions in 1782-1783 and 1786-1787. Here he also represented his state of North Carolina. The next highlight in Blounts life, was being apppointed to be a delegate at the Constitutional Convention. At this time, he was 38 years of age. Although he already had a prior commitment to represent his state at the Continental Congress, He attended the Constitutional Convention for all but one month. He was a very quiet person who let other members take part in debates and and arguements, and kept his opinions to himself, whether they were follow- ing or opposing the crowd. He signed the Constitution with hesitation, and said only to make it "the unanimous act of the States in the Convention". Alt ...

12 Signs Youre Underselling Your Freelance Writing Services

12 Signs Youre Underselling Your Freelance Writing Services Youre living the dream as a freelance writerexcept its less like a dream and more like a nightmare. Barely scraping by, exhausted, resentful, hating writing even though you used to love it and at one tie thought that this would be the perfect job. What happened? Where did things go wrong? Chances are pretty good that it can be traced back to one simple cause: youre underselling your freelance writing services. Are You Underselling Your Freelance Writing Services? There are 12 signs youre underselling your freelance writing services and you might be surprised at how many you can identify with. If you find one that you know youre guilty of, tweet it and help out your fellow freelance writers. Maybe its time you considered raising your prices. 1. You havent raised your prices in a while. Are you still using those super-competitive 1970s prices? A year or two or five goes by quickly.  Its easy to forget that you need to revisit your pricing and consider upping it to meet current industry levels. You need to make a living in the 21st century, not the 20th. Your prices must reflect that. Of course, maybe you already know this but you hate to inform current clients of price increases because youre afraid to lose them, or dread their response. How do you go about raising prices and setting your minimum acceptable rate? Youll need information. Whats the going rate in your area for what youre doing? How much money do you need to live? What are your business expenses? How much work do you currently have? Is more available? Knowing your clients, how many do you think will go away after a price raise? How many will stay? Once you know the facts (with #4 being an educated guess), uniformly raise your prices to be competitive and contact all of your clients. Be careful about giving one client a deal and not another; word gets around. Consider this strange thought: sometimes higher prices bring you into a new bracket of clients and can actually open doors for you that your lower prices would not. Mistake 1: You havent raised your prices in the past two years. 2. You are overloaded and overwhelmed with work. Youre working more than you ever did andmaking less. You could write a magazine article for $500 or you could write 25 blog posts for $20. While the magazine article will take hard work, it is one project, one client, one deadline, and one (if you want to think of it this way) headache. 25 blog posts means 25 deadlines, 25 clients, and a lot more management time as well as topics you need to write about. Its your choice: take every little low-priced piece of work that comes your way, or draw a line in the sand as a standard that you wont go below and stick by it. And that line? It has to be a livable line, i.e. enough money to live off of with a reasonable amount of time left for enjoying life. Mistake 2: Youre working more, but earning less. 3. Your clients dont even attempt to negotiate. Were not saying you should pick prices that are high enough to make your clients stop breathing when you announce them, but if you notice that your prices dont even make them pause and try to negotiate, maybe youre aiming too low. Negotiation isnt a sign that someone thinks youre trying to rip them off and that they need to get your pricing back in line. Instead, its a sign that they actually want your product, and are willing to do a little work to see if they cant get it on their terms. Negotiation is sometimes the sign of someone sticking around, not someone leaving. Dont set prices low so as to avoid negotiation. Set them higher to be in a better position for it. Mistake 3: Your clients dont attempt to negotiate. 4. Youre satisfied with less money and think exposure will pay the bills. Well sure, money sounds great. But if you lower the bar so that we can only pay you $10 dollars for your magazine article but youll get exposure doesnt raise alarm bells, you arent going to be freelancing for long. Youll be working a regular job and writing on the side. Small (or no) payment writing is often tagged with the promise of exposure. What is the price on that? Can you put exposure in your savings account? Evaluate just how valuable exposure is, and if the exposure a client promises can actually benefit you. Freelance writing will cover many topics. Many of the things youll write about will be wholly unrelated to each other, and to you as a writer. Exposure in that genre doesnt mean much. The clients audience probably doesnt care about you.  Is the audience of this client interested in finding a freelance writer, or are they interested in the topic? If its the latter, they dont care who you are and what you do, and never will. They are the clients fans, not your fans. Dont forget youre the hired pen. The client needs your output, not you personally. Letting their audience know about your output is a nice ego boost, but it wont bring much back to you. That sounds harsh, but when you are earning your living, you dont have time for ego boosts. Rethink how you think about money. Understand the difference between a pittance and a paycheck. Mistake 4: Youll take less money and bank on exposure to pay the bills. Your time has value. Stop giving it away for free. 5. You have yet to equate time with money. Time = money. You have limited time. You determine what that time is worth. If you dont understand this, youll never appreciate how those low-priced freelance projects are actually a loss, and not real income. Youll only make a success out of taking low-paying jobs if you never sleep and have discovered a 30-hour day. For the rest of us, we must look at projects not only in terms of the money, but the time it is going to take us to earn that money and if it is worth it. How much time do you need for your family? How much time do you need for yourself to recharge? How much time do you have available if youre working a part-time job? Its all an equation, and youd better do the calculations because your time is definitely limited. Itd be a shame to trade an hour for $15 when someone else would have given you $50. If you dont understand that time equals money, youll get to know sleep-deprived exhaustion well, and mistake it for earning a living. Mistake 5: You dont equate time with money. 6. You dont think youre an expert. Ever thought anything like this? Im not good enough to write about that. I dont know enough. That other writer probably knows more than I do. No one would care what I had to say. You think youre a fraud. In some ways, expertise is a form of confidence, not knowledge. It is always just beyond our reach, and that means we operate one step out of our comfort zone and have to gather the courage and confidence to project a landing on the other side. Maybe you cant write detailed magazine articles about brain surgery, but you can grab at those topics youd never considered that dont require specialist knowledge. That gap between what you comfortably know, and what you are supposed to produce, is often closed by research, practice, and a proven system involving drafts and editing. Take the small leaps and become an expert when you stick the landing. Thats how you keep growing as a writer. Mistake 6: You dont think youre an expert. 7. You prefer to be safe above anything else. Theres nothing wrong with being safe. Preferring safety above all else, though, means youll grab any low-paying job that floats by. Its money. You need money. Not having money is scary. Its safe to take on anything that brings in money.  Youd never consider turning down a chance to earn money, youd never gamble that something bigger and better is out there, because that is most certainly unsafe. I cant make promises and say that if you refuse the jobs that are priced to low, refuse the almost-free jobs that promise some form of exposure, that the Big One will land in your lap. It might not. Thats why its called a gamble: you sometimes take a chance and turn down those safe choices and set yourself up for the larger opportunities. Youll never land the Big One if you dont plan for it, and that planning wont happen when youre juggling endless low-paying jobs. Mistake 7: You prefer to be safe more than anything. 8. Youre terrified of confrontation. Youd rather do anything–ANYTHING–than deal with confrontation. But you know what negotiation is? Confrontation. And you know what asking for a livable rate is? Confrontation. Youre confronting the clients sincere desire to save money with your sincere desire to make a living. The best thing to do to get over being afraid of confrontation is to confront. You dont have to be aggressive, but letting your freelancing work be ruled by a fear of confrontation turns you into a doormat. Oh, how tempting it is for a client to use that fear of confrontation to get you to write a few extra draft ideas or give us some options or throw in a few hundred more words at the last minute before you get paid. Not all confrontation is angry, but it should be about fairness towards you and the client. And yes, some confrontation might lead to the end of a client account. Accept it and move on. Mistake 8: Youre terrified of confrontation. Learning to say no to clients is terrifying, but will help you get your work-life balance back. 9. The word no has yet to enter your vocabulary. Saying the word no is the only way youll keep your sanity, your health, and your abilities. Saying yes to everyone and every project is definitely going to lead to writer burnout and resentment. No, you dont have to take every project. No, being desperate is not always a good reason. No, you dont have time for that project though that doesnt mean the project isnt worthwhile for someone else. And  yes, its OK to ask to get paid some or all up front. Mistake 9: You dont know how to say no. 10. Your only goal is paying rent. What kind of goal do you have with your writing? Is it merely to cover this months bills, or to pay off debt that controls your life? Hopefully, you have something larger in mind for your lifes work. While you may not want to write down a comprehensive business plan, it certainly helps you to write down what you want to see happen with your writing, and then give it a timeline. For example,  if you have considerable debt or financial obligations that are driving you to take any and all jobs out of desperation, it might not hurt to get a side job for a while. Put debt reduction on the timeline and plan it out so you have an end goal to look forward to as you move on to the next step. Your writing should have a bigger goal than keeping you out of the hangmans noose. Hopefully, you want to achieve something more from your writing, such as being a published author with a book, or having a blog with X amount of daily traffic that you can live off of. Until you are out of the grip of financial terror, you wont even consider such goals and you wont take any steps to choose clients that can help you reach those goals. Youll take whatever you can get before the next bill is due. Your writing deserves to be more than insurance from debtors prison. Mistake 10: Your only goal is paying rent. 11. You are embarrassed to talk about yourself. Humility is in short supply these days, unfortunately, but when it comes to finding work and promoting yourself to a potential client, you need to be able talk about yourself realistically. For some people, talking about themselves, and talking themselves up is natural. But for some artists and writers (myself included), talking about your abilities in even mildly positive terms is very challenging because it feels like bragging. When asked, you dont have to say I am the greatest writer ever! but you should be able to say I have the experience and I can write this for you. If you find yourself quickly getting used to self-promotion, a word of caution: Dont over-promise and find yourself in a mess later because you actually dont have the chops to deliver what you promised. Be honest about what your abilities are. This includes things like: How quickly you can work. How many projects you can manage at once. What topics you are able to write on. Whether you can work with other writers or designers on a project. Technological capabilities. Do you know how youd answer if asked any of these? If not, this is a good time to take stock of what you can do, and be ready to answer confidently. Be confident, not cocky, about yourself. Theres no shame in that. Mistake 11: You are embarrassed to talk about yourself. 12. You think pricing is the only reason clients come back. A low price might be the only reason clients come back if their sole goal is saving a buck. (Do you really want those clients?) You forget that amazing service, fantastic writing, and an overall slice of awesome will trump cheap every time for clients worth your time. When you know you have the skills and the ability to deliver a great product, you can confidently ask for higher rates. And, when you deliver, your clients will have no problem the next time they come back for additional writing services. Clients who come back because you have cheap prices are clients that are going to make your life miserable. They arent there because of what you can do, theyre there because of what they plan to do. Theyre bean counters and are going to wring every last free drop out of you that they can. There is a strange inverse connection between the amount a client pays and the noise level they make. Clients that are at the level where they understand legitimate pricing also are professional enough to not bother or micromanage you. They trust your skills, as a professional. Cheap is cheap.

Discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 14

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Should companies lease or buy computer equipment today What kinds of Assignment

Should companies lease or buy computer equipment today What kinds of questions should companies ask themselves when making a de - Assignment Example As the need for accessibility and a wider geographical coverage has been inevitable, it is necessary that there are means of enabling the department attain this requirement. Sales cars are the best ways of ensuring that the organization’s dedicated salesmen or women are able to promptly and appropriately respond to individual customer needs. Since public means is a relatively cheaper but expensive for competition of the organization, there is a practice in the industry that has seen major organizations acquire their own fleet for the purposes of overcoming the challenges of public transport. Apart from affording the salesmen and women the luxury of being flexible and comfortable while performing their duty to the organization, cars owned by the organization are also the best means of ensuring that coordination and monitoring is enhanced in the department. For instance, a good fleet should provide means of tracking locations of different customers across the identified geograph ical segments. In this way, mapping out the target market will be possible and hence easy scheduling and management of issues like delivery and rapid response. On the other hand, the sales department and the organization is able to benefit from the fleet management capabilities provided and therefore hold each sales team accountable. A price cap of $20,000 for each unit has been established for this program. To enable the organization make the most appropriate purchase as per the requirements of the sales staff, several cars will be compared under specified criteria. The remainder of this document contains the following sections: . The Criteria Used to evaluate the sales cars . Car Evaluation . Final Recommendation The Criteria Used To Evaluate the Sales Cars The purpose of this section is to state the requisite specifications that each car should meet as required by majority of sales staff. By identifying the requirements for the ideal car, it will be easy to guide the proposed pur chase program to the most suitable and viable option in the list of the available car choices in the market. The criteria are: Financial viability The number of doors Originality of the car Fuel economy Warranty period Additional benefits Financial viability The chosen car for the sales team must not exceed the sum of $20,000 in total costs of purchase. This implies that regardless of the other requirements that might be fulfilled by other cars, the cost of purchase according to the budget is not to be surpassed. The Number of Doors All the car units need to have four doors. Flexibility of the sales staff is very important in having access to their chosen means of transport. It is also obvious that the number of doors has a direct bearing on the seat capacity and even the storage space in the car. Since the organization is looking to maximize on the available fleet due to limited resources, this criteria is therefore essential for the purposes of the mentioned objective apart from o ther reasons. Boot space is also important for sales staff for delivery purposes. Originality of the Car The vehicles to be purchased must be American-made due to the clientele requirements. The country of manufacture is

Political Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Political Science - Essay Example According to Tocqueville, the political masses which he called associations had a greater common good because they were not based on self-interest; rather, they were based on the goal of social, economic and even cultural good. These associations were therefore effective to prevent tyranny of the majority because they would put effective checks and balances (Neitzsch, 7). Baldwin conquers with the views of Tocqueville about associations being in a better position to fight against tyranny of the majority. He also argues that when people come together and join hands for the common good of fighting tyranny, the course is better and less selfish compared to only an individual fighting it. According to him, there is strength in numbers (Field, 120). Du Bois on the other hand rejects the notion and idea of tyranny of the majority and instead just wants individuals to focus on equal politics and democracy and forget about the division between the minority and the majority. Du Bois was an activist for the black movement and his main aim was to bring about equality between the races. This ideology was what he based his notion of tyranny on and hence the advocacy of equality (Gooding-Williams,

Promotion Mix To Create An IMC Campaign Marketing Essay

Promotion Mix To Create An IMC Campaign Marketing Essay As defined by the American Association of Advertising Agencies, integrated marketing communications (IMC) is a concept of marketing communications planning that recognizes the added value of a comprehensive plan (Elliott, 2012, P:491). Companies that sell products or services use some or all of the components of a marketing and communications mix, also called a promotional mix. These include advertising, personal sales, sales promotions, public relations and direct marketing. Most national brands use all parts of the mix, each in proportion to the needs of the product. Cereal makers, for example, concentrate most efforts and money on advertising and sales promotions, such as coupons. Other products call for different mix ratios, with some mix components completely eschewed. In addition to these key promotional tools, the marketer can also use other techniques, such as exhibitions and product placement in movies, songs or video games, which have been growing in popularity in recent years. Before proceeding any further, however, it is important to stress that promotional mix decisions should not be made in isolation. As we saw with pricing, all aspects of the marketing mix need to be blended together carefully. The promotional mix used must be aligned with the decisions made with regard to product, pricing and distribution, in order to communicate benefits to a target market. But for a soft-drinks maker like Pepsi, IMC can also be used can be used to create more communication impact, e.g. Advertising can be combined with sales promotions and a little bit of public relations such as sponsorship/events. From the facts of the case study, Pepsi used a new approach in its marketing communication. Pepsi holds the number one, third and fourth position among music, overall position among all companies, and entertainment channels. It gives a significant contribution on the music channels with 12.81% share of coverage and holds the first position in that category. It has the third position on the whole TV media with overall 4.29% share of coverage, the effectiveness of which is reported in reduction by researchers (Kotler Keller 2006, p.576). Similarly, it comes at number fourth on entertainment channels. Overall, these new media win the trust of consumers by connecting with them at a deeper level. Marketers are taking note of many different social media opportunities and beginning to implement new social initiatives at a higher rate than ever before. Social media marketing and the businesses that utilize it have become more sophisticated. Q2. How effectively has Pepsi integrated digital and traditional media for the promotion of their products? Provide examples of digital media used. Nowadays millions of consumers converse on a daily basis in online communities, discussion forums, blogs and social networks. They turn to the Internet to share opinions, advice, grievances and recommendations. It has been said that traditional media is losing its face value and that the Internet is a fad and digital only applies to the millennium generation. While that may seem true, if you want to stay on the innovative cusp for your business, use both traditional and internet media marketing and here are some reasons why: 1. Online conversations can power or deflate a companys brand. Do you have a presence? 2. Discover specific issues that are being discussed around your company, brand or organization and create feedback to these issues. 3. There may be events, trends and issues that may be influencing industry and brand buzz. 4. Measure how your online and offline marketing campaigns resonate with consumers. 5. Leverage word-of-mouth to drive brand credibility, and ultimately sales if you use face-to-face marketing, Internet Marketing, Search Engine Optimization Strategy, and Social Media Strategy correctly. People are more likely to communicate through both word-of-mouth and social media when they are engaged with the product, service, or idea. This engagement may come naturally for supporters of causes, political candidates, and trendy new technological products. However, it can also be creatively stimulated for products and services which generate less psychological involvement of customers. For example, Pepsi (2008) uses its Pepsi Stuff online customer loyalty program to engage consumers by enabling them to redeem points for MP3 downloads, television show downloads, CDs, DVDs, electronics, and apparel. Campaign participants are also allowed to participate in sweepstakes drawings for larger prizes, such as home theater systems and trip giveaways. Coca Cola (2008) has a similar campaign entitled My Coke Rewards. According to Nielson research, TV users watch more than ever before (an average of 127 hrs, 15 min per month) and these users are spending 9% more time using the Internet (26 hrs, 26 min per month) from last year. Approximately 220 million Americans have Internet access at home and/or work with a growing number using the Internet for research and social media. Knowing this research, traditional media entertains and communicates to a mass audience whereas digital media entertains, communicates with, and engages the individual. The benefits of digital media can be highly measurable and marketers can often see a direct effect in the form of improved sales in addition to establishing a direct link with the consumer. This can also be cost effective. However, the pitfalls of digital marketing can be that the medium is new, constantly changing and evolving with results that vary. You often get what you ask for! Digital media is known as digitized content (text, graphics, audio and video) that can be transmitted over the Internet. While digital media consumption such as twitter, facebook, youtube etc have increased tremendously, Pepsi cannot ignore consumers who still rely on traditional media for their informative and entertainment needs, as a result, 2/3 of their advertising budget is still dedicated to traditional media. Marketers must strike a good balance between using traditional and digital/social media and other promotional tools Q3. How might Pepsi measure the effectiveness of its new campaign? Provide examples. The most suitable criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of advertising, depends on a number variables, such as the advertising goals, the type of media used, the cost of evaluation, the value that the business or advertising agency places on evaluation measures, the level of precision and reliability required, who the evaluation is for and the budget. It is difficult to accurately measure the effectiveness of a particular advertisement, because it is affected by such things as the amount and type of prior advertising The best measurement of a campaigns effectiveness is its ability to meet its objectives. From the case study, Pepsis objectives could be: Attract more competitors users (such as Coca-Cola) Increase sales volume Hold present Customers Create brand awareness To project a rejuvenated image for Pepsi as a socially responsible corporation To change consumer attitudes from neutral or unfavourable (it is a soft drink after all) to positive To use newer, digital media to engage in two-way communication with their customers/public. To communicate its new image via it new packaging Generally, Pepsi could use the following to measure the campaigns effectiveness: Stimulate an increase in sales Remind customers of the existence of a product Inform customers Build a brand image Build customer loyalty and relationship Change customer attitudes Marketers recognize that in the modern world of marketing there are many different opportunities and methods for contacting current and prospective customers to provide them with information about a company and/or brands. The challenge is to understand how to use the various IMC tools to make such contacts and deliver the branding message effectively and efficiently. A successful IMC program requires that marketers find the right combination of communication tools and techniques, define their role and the extent to which they can or should be used, and coordinate their use. To accomplish this, the persons responsible for the companys communication efforts must have an understanding of the IMC tools that are available and the ways they can be used.